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Epilepsy Revealing a Infiltrating Glioma of the Brainstem: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Received: 3 July 2022     Accepted: 15 July 2022     Published: 28 July 2022
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Abstract

Introduction: Invasive brainstem glioma (IBG) is a rare, very aggressive pontine glial tumour. It remains one of the most devastating diagnoses among childhood cancers. We report the observation of an infiltrating brainstem glioma. Observation: This is a 7-year-old girl, with no notable medical and surgical history, who presented in a rapidly progressive context, headaches, vomiting, weakness of the left hemibody, aphasia, tonic-clonic seizures, neurological examination had as particularity, a pyramidal syndrome, a syndrome of intracranial hypertension, and a syndrome of cortical irritation, on the biology one noted a hypercalcemia, encephalic MRI revealed a hyper signal in T2 at the expense of the brainstem, she received corticosteroid therapy, followed by antiepileptic treatment. Evolution resulted in the death of the patient 3 months after the diagnosis. Discussion: Invasive brainstem glioma accounts for about 15% of pediatric brain tumors, presumed diagnosis of invasive brainstem glioma has been progressively made based on clinical and radiological aspects only. For lesions with typical clinical presentation and imaging. Surgery and radiotherapy currently remains the standard treatment, Conclusion: The management of infiltrating gliomas of the brainstem remains delicate, and the prognosis always remains gloomy, our study is an illustrative case, it is one of the very first case of brainstem gliomas described in children in the republic of guinea. Large-scale studies would be necessary to determine the prevalence of the pathology on a national level.

Published in Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience (Volume 6, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.cnn.20220603.12
Page(s) 41-44
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Infiltrating Glioma, Brainstem, Chemotherapy

References
[1] Orphanet: Infiltrating glioma of the brainstem, 2022, Doi https://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=FR&Expert=497188
[2] Ambroise I, Children with GITC in a rehabilitation structure: a subtle balance between perseverance and adaptability, 2018-2020, 52: 15-16-17.
[3] Epstein FJ, Farmer JP. Brain-stem glioma growth patterns. J Neurosurg 1993; 78: 408–12.
[4] Roujeau T, Machado G, Garnett MR, et al. Stereotactic biopsy of diffuse pontine lesions in children. J Neurosurg 2007; 107 (1 Suppl.): 1–4.
[5] Chastagner P, Kalifa C, Doz F, et al. Outcome of children treated with preradiation chemotherapy for a high-grade glioma: results of a French Society of Pediatric Oncology (SFOP) pilot study. Pediatric Blood Cancer 2007; 49: 803–7.
[6] Packer RJ, Boyett JM, Zimmerman RA, et al. Outcome of children with brain stem gliomas after treatment with 7800 cGy of hyperfractionated radiotherapy. A Childrens Cancer Group Phase I/II trial. Cancer 1994; 74: 1827–34.
[7] Figarella D, Chappe C, Padovani L, Mercurio S, Colin C, Forest F, Bouvier C. Glial and glioneuronal tumors in adults and children: main genetic alterations and histomolecular classification. 2013; 12: 3.
[8] Raphael Calmon. Serial multimodal MRI in infiltrating brainstem gliomas in children. Neuroscience [q-bio.NC]. Pierre and Marie Curie University - Paris VI, 2017, 175: 53-60.
[9] Fisher, P. G, Breiter S. N, Carson, B. S, Wharam, M. D, Williams, JA Weingart, JD Weingart, DR Foer, Goldthwaite, PT Tihan, P. C. A clinicopathologic reappraisal of brain stem tumor classification. Identification of pilocystic astrocytoma and fibrillary astrocytoma as distinct entities. Cancer, 89 (7): 1569–1576.
[10] Lefebvre j, Faure C and Salamon G. Radiological study of invasive brainstem gliomas, 2015; 15: 3.
[11] Sophie EM Veldhuijzen van Zanten et al. Twenty-year review of the diagnosis and treatment of children with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma in The Netherlands, 2015; 9; 4.
[12] Thomas C et al, Comparison of apparent diffusion coefficients and distributed diffusion coefficients in high-grade gliomas. Journal of magnetic resonance imaging: JMRI, 31 (3): 531–537, March 2010.
[13] Schumacher M, Schulte-Mo¨nting J, Stoeter P, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging compared with biopsy in the diagnosis of brainstem diseases of childhood: a multicenter review. J Neurosurg 2007; 106: 111–9.
[14] JE Minturn and MJ Fisher. Gliomas in Children. Current treatment options in neurology, 15 (3): 316–327, February 2013.
[15] Bredlau AL, Korones DN. Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas: treatments and controversies. Advances in cancer research, 121: 235–259, 2014.
[16] Broniscer A, Iacono L, Chintagumpala M, et al. Role of temozolomide afetr radiotherapy for newly diagnosed diffuse brainstem glioma in children. Results of multi-institutional study (SJHG-98). Cancer 2005; 103: 133–9.
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    Dore Male, Barry Souleymane Djigue, Conde Kaba, Toure Mohamed Lamine, Conde Mohamed Lamine, et al. (2022). Epilepsy Revealing a Infiltrating Glioma of the Brainstem: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience, 6(3), 41-44. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cnn.20220603.12

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    ACS Style

    Dore Male; Barry Souleymane Djigue; Conde Kaba; Toure Mohamed Lamine; Conde Mohamed Lamine, et al. Epilepsy Revealing a Infiltrating Glioma of the Brainstem: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Clin. Neurol. Neurosci. 2022, 6(3), 41-44. doi: 10.11648/j.cnn.20220603.12

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    AMA Style

    Dore Male, Barry Souleymane Djigue, Conde Kaba, Toure Mohamed Lamine, Conde Mohamed Lamine, et al. Epilepsy Revealing a Infiltrating Glioma of the Brainstem: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Clin Neurol Neurosci. 2022;6(3):41-44. doi: 10.11648/j.cnn.20220603.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.cnn.20220603.12,
      author = {Dore Male and Barry Souleymane Djigue and Conde Kaba and Toure Mohamed Lamine and Conde Mohamed Lamine and Igue Kadija and Bogon Victor and Diawara Karinka and Doumbouya Idrissa and Camara Idrissa and Camara Mohamed Salif and Camara Mamady and Bangoura Asmaou and Sidibe Gnouma and Gouled Houssein and Cisse Fode Abass},
      title = {Epilepsy Revealing a Infiltrating Glioma of the Brainstem: A Case Report and Review of the Literature},
      journal = {Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience},
      volume = {6},
      number = {3},
      pages = {41-44},
      doi = {10.11648/j.cnn.20220603.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cnn.20220603.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cnn.20220603.12},
      abstract = {Introduction: Invasive brainstem glioma (IBG) is a rare, very aggressive pontine glial tumour. It remains one of the most devastating diagnoses among childhood cancers. We report the observation of an infiltrating brainstem glioma. Observation: This is a 7-year-old girl, with no notable medical and surgical history, who presented in a rapidly progressive context, headaches, vomiting, weakness of the left hemibody, aphasia, tonic-clonic seizures, neurological examination had as particularity, a pyramidal syndrome, a syndrome of intracranial hypertension, and a syndrome of cortical irritation, on the biology one noted a hypercalcemia, encephalic MRI revealed a hyper signal in T2 at the expense of the brainstem, she received corticosteroid therapy, followed by antiepileptic treatment. Evolution resulted in the death of the patient 3 months after the diagnosis. Discussion: Invasive brainstem glioma accounts for about 15% of pediatric brain tumors, presumed diagnosis of invasive brainstem glioma has been progressively made based on clinical and radiological aspects only. For lesions with typical clinical presentation and imaging. Surgery and radiotherapy currently remains the standard treatment, Conclusion: The management of infiltrating gliomas of the brainstem remains delicate, and the prognosis always remains gloomy, our study is an illustrative case, it is one of the very first case of brainstem gliomas described in children in the republic of guinea. Large-scale studies would be necessary to determine the prevalence of the pathology on a national level.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

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    T1  - Epilepsy Revealing a Infiltrating Glioma of the Brainstem: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
    AU  - Dore Male
    AU  - Barry Souleymane Djigue
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    AU  - Conde Mohamed Lamine
    AU  - Igue Kadija
    AU  - Bogon Victor
    AU  - Diawara Karinka
    AU  - Doumbouya Idrissa
    AU  - Camara Idrissa
    AU  - Camara Mohamed Salif
    AU  - Camara Mamady
    AU  - Bangoura Asmaou
    AU  - Sidibe Gnouma
    AU  - Gouled Houssein
    AU  - Cisse Fode Abass
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    JF  - Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience
    JO  - Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience
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    EP  - 44
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2578-8930
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cnn.20220603.12
    AB  - Introduction: Invasive brainstem glioma (IBG) is a rare, very aggressive pontine glial tumour. It remains one of the most devastating diagnoses among childhood cancers. We report the observation of an infiltrating brainstem glioma. Observation: This is a 7-year-old girl, with no notable medical and surgical history, who presented in a rapidly progressive context, headaches, vomiting, weakness of the left hemibody, aphasia, tonic-clonic seizures, neurological examination had as particularity, a pyramidal syndrome, a syndrome of intracranial hypertension, and a syndrome of cortical irritation, on the biology one noted a hypercalcemia, encephalic MRI revealed a hyper signal in T2 at the expense of the brainstem, she received corticosteroid therapy, followed by antiepileptic treatment. Evolution resulted in the death of the patient 3 months after the diagnosis. Discussion: Invasive brainstem glioma accounts for about 15% of pediatric brain tumors, presumed diagnosis of invasive brainstem glioma has been progressively made based on clinical and radiological aspects only. For lesions with typical clinical presentation and imaging. Surgery and radiotherapy currently remains the standard treatment, Conclusion: The management of infiltrating gliomas of the brainstem remains delicate, and the prognosis always remains gloomy, our study is an illustrative case, it is one of the very first case of brainstem gliomas described in children in the republic of guinea. Large-scale studies would be necessary to determine the prevalence of the pathology on a national level.
    VL  - 6
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Author Information
  • Neurology Department, Ignace Deen Guinea National Hospital, Conakry, Republic of Guinea

  • Neurology Department, Ignace Deen Guinea National Hospital, Conakry, Republic of Guinea

  • Neurology Department, Ignace Deen Guinea National Hospital, Conakry, Republic of Guinea

  • Neurology Department, Ignace Deen Guinea National Hospital, Conakry, Republic of Guinea

  • Neurology Department, Ignace Deen Guinea National Hospital, Conakry, Republic of Guinea

  • Neurology Department, Ignace Deen Guinea National Hospital, Conakry, Republic of Guinea

  • Neurology Department, Ignace Deen Guinea National Hospital, Conakry, Republic of Guinea

  • Neurology Department, Ignace Deen Guinea National Hospital, Conakry, Republic of Guinea

  • Neurology Department, Ignace Deen Guinea National Hospital, Conakry, Republic of Guinea

  • Neurology Department, Ignace Deen Guinea National Hospital, Conakry, Republic of Guinea

  • Neurology Department, Ignace Deen Guinea National Hospital, Conakry, Republic of Guinea

  • Neurology Department, Ignace Deen Guinea National Hospital, Conakry, Republic of Guinea

  • Neurology Department, Ignace Deen Guinea National Hospital, Conakry, Republic of Guinea

  • Neurology Department, Ignace Deen Guinea National Hospital, Conakry, Republic of Guinea

  • Neurology Department, Ignace Deen Guinea National Hospital, Conakry, Republic of Guinea

  • Neurology Department, Ignace Deen Guinea National Hospital, Conakry, Republic of Guinea

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